ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES (Fourth blog)

Namaste
I apologize for the delay. Today I am going to take you all through Alcoholic Beverages.
We all know the basic definition that the beverage which includes alcohol is known as alcoholic beverage. 

What is alcohol?
Alcohol is a recreational drug Ethanol that produced by fermenting grains fruits and other sources of sugar. 

Alcohol is divided into 3
1. Methanol
2. Isopropanal
3. Ethanol
Among these only Ethanol can be consumed and the process to prepare the drink are distillation and fermentation.
There are two ways to measure concentration of alcohol in drink they are ALCOHOL BY VOLUME (ABV) & ALCOHOL PROOF.
Alcohol by Volume is the number of millilitres of Ethanol per 100 millilitres in a solution. While alcohol proof is twice the percentage of alcohol by Volume.
For Eg:- A drink which have 50%ABV will be 100% Alcohol proof.

Distillation :-
Distillation is a process of separating components is a mixture based on different boiling points.
To separate a mixture of liquids, the liquid can be heated to force components, which have different boiling points, into the gas phase. The gas is then condensed back into liquid form and collected. Repeating the process on the collected liquid to improve the purity of the product is called double distillation. 
A plant that performs distillation is called a distillery. The apparatus used to perform distillation is called a still.
The evidence of distillation comes from a terracotta distillation in 3000 BC in the indus valley of Pakistan. 

Distillation was used by the Babylonians of Mesopotamia and it was used for making perfume The Arab chemist Al-Kindi distilled alcohol in 9th century Irag.
Types of distillation:-
1. Simple distillation
2. Steam distillation
3. Fractional distillation
4. Vaccum distillation
Fermentation :-

The term fermentation came from latin word "fervere" which means "to boil".
Fermentation is the process in which yeast breaks down sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide. Yeast are tiny single-celled fungi that contain special enzymes responsible for this reaction.

Fermentation of beverage was discovered in back 7000 BC.
Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases and/or alcohol.
SUGAR + YEAST = ALCOHOL + CO2
There are many dominant types of yeast which are use for making drink

For Eg:- sacchromyses cerevisiae use to prepare ale beer and it is also known as ale yeast
Sacchromyses uvarum use to prepare Lager beer and it is also use to prepare lager beer. 

Lets learn about different alcoholic beverages like beer, wine, spirits and so on. in our next blog. Hopes you all like the blog and keep supporting.  Do comment and share if you feel informative.